Each summer resident dreams of growing early and tasty grapes on his plot, characterized by stable crops, resistance and endurance. Timur refers precisely to such old and proven grape varieties and remains always promising despite the emergence of more modern hybrids.
History of growing Timur grape varieties
Since 1936, in VNIIViV them. ME AND. Potapenko is conducting breeding work to create complex-resistant grape varieties that can tolerate the harsh climate of the northern zone. Long-term selection selection allowed us to identify more than 40 hybrid forms of grapes that differ in extraordinary characteristics. Among them is the well-known Timur grape variety, the creation of which was worked by a team of breeders led by I.A. Kostrikina.
The original name of this variety was denoted by the first letters of the parental pair: FV-2-5, where F is the Moldavian grape Frumoasa Albe, which in translation from Moldavian means "White Beauty" and V - Delight, a hybrid of the NII's own selection. Later, the variety was renamed Timur (in Turkic it means "iron"). The name itself is a synonym for resistance and endurance of the variety.
Timur is unprecedentedly immune to fungal diseases and frosts, he has many virtues inherited from his “parents”. However, the hybrid has largely surpassed them and is one of the reference varieties.
The variety received its continuation in a new hybrid form, acting as a crossed material with Delight Red. So Timur rose appeared, with a more powerful bush and brushes, greater sugar accumulation, good transportability, but with a longer ripening period and less disease resistance. Therefore, despite the delicious pink color and the incomparable taste of berries, experienced gardeners prefer the "parent" - white Timur. Although, you must admit, its clusters will be an adornment of even the most festive table.
Timur pink has a delightful pink color.
Description of grape varieties Timur
Timur grapes belong to a very early table grape variety with a ripening period of 105-115 days. Bunches weighing 400-800 g are strewn with berries with a yellow tint, giving off an amber sheen when ripe. The berries of the hybrid have a nipple shape, reach a weight of 6-8 g. Despite the thin, torn skin, their flesh is quite dense, crisp. The heady muscat flavor gives a special refinement to the variety. Timur is ahead of the parent plants in sugar accumulation (25%).
Bunches of Timur can reach weight up to 800 g
The light green grape flowers collected in the brush are bisexual, which contributes to the stable harvest of Timur due to the ability to self-pollinate. A wrinkled leaf of saturated green color, five-lobed and serrated at the edges. The variety is resistant to common fungal diseases of the grapes mildew and oidium, frost resistance -25 ° C.
Video: Timur grape variety
Characteristics of grape varieties Timur
Timur fell in love with summer residents for the ease of reproduction. Grape cuttings root well, and any stock is suitable for grafting.
Strong-growing stocks contribute to obtaining a larger crop and better quality of clusters, but increase the ripening period of Timur berries by almost a week.
The bushes of the variety themselves are weak-growing, so they are planted far from the vine bushes of high vitality, so that they do not drown Timur with their vigorous shoots.
Branches of perennial wood are fruitful, on each shoot up to 3 clusters of regular conical shape. Berries do not spoil for a long time on the bush after ripening. Fast readiness for fruiting (on the 2nd year after planting) is another plus of this variety.
If the number of clusters is normalized, it is possible to achieve a weight of up to 2 kg. The grapevine can additionally serve as a decoration of the landscape design of the territory, braiding arches, arbors, other elements of the house.
In the northern regions, Timur is grown as a cover crop.
Features of planting and growing varieties of grapes Timur
Grapes can be planted in autumn and spring. The south or southwest side under the walls of the buildings will be the best place for this variety. Root-own (propagated by cuttings) or grafted seedlings are used. You can get planting material from seeds, but this method of reproduction is used extremely rarely through some difficulties: the process is very long and time-consuming.
What soil does grape like?
For planting seedlings of Timur, loamy or sandy loamy soil, which is sufficiently fertile, warm and water-intensive, will be more suitable. In other cases, soil cultivation will be required. After all, the variety also requires a certain acidity (pH 5.5-7.0). Therefore, they try to saturate light and heavy soil with organic fertilizers, and if necessary, lime. In addition, in order to increase the moisture capacity of light soil, clay is made.
On heavy, poor soils, Timur grapes lose their taste, contain less sugar and become tart!
What seedlings are better to take for planting?
According to experienced gardeners, annuals take root more quickly and adapt to the new environment, which is important for the Central region of Russia. They can be found on sale more often than two-year-old seedlings. The cheapest option is to plant the cuttings immediately in a permanent place, but the entry of such a vine into the fruiting phase will begin a few years later.
Own seedlings have worked well in areas with not too harsh climate, grown on nutritious cultivated soil. For growing varieties in areas with severe winters with little snow, it is better to take grafted seedlings on frost-resistant and phyloxera-resistant stocks.
What should I look for when choosing seedlings for planting?
- In what condition is the root system of the seedling? It should be undamaged, not dried, without signs of disease, with several calcaneal roots (at least 3) with a diameter of more than 2 mm.
- Pay attention to the height of the seedling! It should be at least 0.4 m.
- How many eyes are there on young growth? Normally ripened vine has 4-5 eyes.
- If the seedlings already have leaves, they should not be small and damaged.
Grape planting
Digging a hole for planting grapes, separate the upper and lower soil layer, folding the soil in different heaps. For fertilizer use 2 buckets of rotted plant residues or manure, 200-250 g of potassium phosphate fertilizers.
A drainage layer is laid at the bottom of the pit, which can be fine crushed stone, expanded clay, broken bricks (at least 15 cm). Having retreated by zo cm from the supposed location of the seedling, they drive in a pipe (60-100 mm in diameter). Later, it will become a convenient way for fertilizing and watering the grape bush. The first third of the pit in the form of a knoll is filled with a part of the soil taken from the upper, more fertile layer, and mixed with mineral fertilizers and 1 bucket of organic matter. The mound is watered with water (20 l) and wait until it is completely absorbed. After this, the roots of the seedling are evenly distributed over the mound and sent down so that 2-4 eyes are left on the surface. The hillock is covered with the second half of the upper soil layer mixed with the remaining organic matter. And, finally, they finally fill the hole with soil from the less nutritious lower layer of the dug hole, compact the soil around it well and once again water it abundantly. Thus, fertile soil will be at a sufficient depth for the root system of grapes, which Timur is demanding.
Preparation of a landing pit for grapes
Note! If the seedling is less than 40 cm, when planting, its upper part will be below the soil level. In this case, the pit is not filled up to the top, waiting for the shoots to grow.
The size of the pit on medium light soils is 60x60 cm, on light and heavy soils - 80x80 cm. The distance between seedlings should be at least 1 m, and between rows - 1.5-2.5 m.
To reduce the risk of sudden temperature jumps, to improve the water-air exchange of the root system of the plant, it will not be superfluous to swell seedlings or mulch the planting with organic materials. For mulch, it is not recommended to use spruce needles, since they greatly increase the acidity of the soil. Some gardeners after planting seedlings immediately cover them with plastic bottles or other covering material to protect delicate plants from sunburn.
In the first year after planting, with normal development, the seedling has 2 shoots of about 1 m, with a diameter of 6-7 mm. If there are more shoots, in the autumn their number is normalized to 2, making pruning. Growing vines tied up, not allowing to touch the ground.
Grape pruning
Like other grape varieties, Timur needs to be shaped and pruned. In the autumn, no more than 10 buds are left on each fruiting vine and shelter for the winter.
The best covering material for the grape bush are reed branches, spruce spruce branches, sheets of old slate.
In the spring, continuing the formation of the bush, young shoots are removed and 30 eyes left. It is such a bush load, under which the plant will develop normally, and the berries will not lose their taste, that is optimal for the variety.
Watering
The number of irrigations is regulated by weather conditions. The grapes themselves will signal a lack of moisture with their drooping leaves. Most of all, the grape bush needs watering during budding, after flowering and when the first ovaries appear. Watering is done manually with warm, well-held water into the pipe (if any) or into the trunk circle.
Note! At the time of flowering and ripening of berries, watering is excluded. Flowers may crumble and berries may crack!
Tick Prevention
Despite the resistance of the variety to diseases and pests, Timur is difficult to protect from damage by a tick. On the top of the vine leaves you can see characteristic bulges, and below - a fluff of yellow-gray hue, which, unlike mildew, is not erased. Therefore, seedlings should be purchased only in garden centers and specialized nurseries.
Fighting a grape tick is quite difficult. If signs of infection are detected at the end of the season, the vine can be treated with chemicals containing sulfur: Karbofos, Fufanon, Tiovit-Jet and others (according to the instructions). At the same time, try to capture the underside of the foliage where the tick lives.
The cannon on the underside of the grape leaf indicates the presence of a tick
Reviews
More recently, I scolded this variety for small clusters and poor pollination. But when I tried mature Timur - it's just a miracle! Real sweet and crisp grapes! I have two bushes growing, and everything is different: both the growth force and the clusters. But the taste is the same - great! I saw a friend of a winegrower - clusters of 500-800 gr. Probably a lot of decides the stock of perennial wood.
Anatoly//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=632
Timur is one of my favorite varieties. Although the clusters are not too large (an average of 300-400 grams), but the early, sweet, crisp flesh and long berry. After ripening, it hangs until late autumn without spoiling, only the berries gain even more sugar and dry. 2 bushes grows.
Grygoryj//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=632
For yourself, you can plant an unpretentious grape variety "Timur" - this is a table variety, early, large berries, crisp, fleshy berries, nutmeg aroma, high sugar content, shoots ripen well, reproduce easily, are resistant to mildew, frost-resistant.
agroinkom//agro-forum.net/threads/129/
The Timur grape variety is time-tested and is grown in all regions of the former Union, including the northern one. If you do not have grape bushes on the site yet, you will never regret choosing Timur as the standard of grape perfection.
