It is possible to grow an orange in an apartment. If you create good conditions for him, he will begin to bear fruit. However, in most cases, indoor orange is bred because of beautiful leaves.
History occurrences in quality of home plants
Orange is considered to be a representative of the Rutov family, its homeland is the eastern part of Asia. This type of citrus is very popular. Its history begins 4 thousand years BC in southeast Asia.
Orange in the home
Since the orange grows rather poorly in unprotected soil, glazed greenhouses were equipped for its maintenance. Then they began to grow an orange tree at home.
Common varieties
One of the famous homemade varieties is Washington Navel Orange. It is characterized by excellent taste. A medium-sized tree with a spreading crown and rich green foliage. White flowers, collected in small inflorescences with a pleasant smell. The fruits have a round shape with a navel on top, are large in size. The average weight of 0.5 kg. The skin of the fetus is mostly smooth or rough, well separated from the fetus. The fruits ripen at the end of the year. The pulp is divided into 13 sectors by partitions of medium thickness and contains a large percentage of juice. A culture of this type is propagated by using cuttings, especially when wetted in substances that stimulate growth.
Pavlovsky. The description of the variety boils down to the following: it is very good for growing in apartment conditions. The tree grows up to 100 cm tall with beautiful, bright green leaves. The flowers of this variety are white, collected in bunches, with a pleasant aroma. The fruit itself is round, bright orange. Culture is cultivated using cuttings in late winter, early spring.
Medical properties
Many useful substances contain orange leaves, which contain a large amount of fiber and antioxidants. Each cup of tea brewed from the leaves contains iron and manganese. An infusion of orange leaves is used as a remedy for inflammation to normalize the activity of the cardiovascular system.
Features care behind orange
This resident of the tropics likes warm air, so it is best to keep it in rooms located in the southern part of the apartment. Homemade orange is very demanding on the surrounding crops.
Important! Citrus does not tolerate in the immediate vicinity of the monstera, hibiscus, ficus with large leaves, seedlings of cucumbers.
Lighting
Orange at home likes good lighting. Therefore, a pot with it must be placed where there is no lack of light, and make additional lighting.
Important! Do not keep the tree under direct ultraviolet rays, you can burn the foliage.
Temperature
The most acceptable temperature is considered to be from +24 to +26 ° C in the summer and not lower than +12 ° C in the winter. In very hot weather, the flowers begin to dry and fall off, and the tree itself stops growing.
Important! An orange is characterized by the fact that when kept indoors it has no rest time. If in winter it is placed on a balcony or in a special greenhouse, then it goes into sleep, and the conditions for maintenance at this time are required to a minimum.
Watering
Good watering has a positive effect on the orange, so you must not allow the soil to get too dry. Watering time is determined as follows: you need to pick up a piece of soil at a depth of 4-9 cm and try to roll it into a ball, if this fails, you should water it.
In the summer, the culture is watered every day, in the winter once a week. Watered with settled, warm water.
Spraying and humidity
Orange has a positive greenhouse effect. The level of humidity acceptable for it is at least 85%. Spraying should be carried out several times a day.
Top dressing
When applying fertilizer, the main thing is not to overdo it. You should get a balance in the necessary substances. It is recommended to purchase ready-made ones.
Priming
Oranges are very demanding on the soil, so choosing the right one for them is not so simple. Currently, many different substrates can be purchased for such crops. Such a soil already includes all the required nutrients and vitamins.
Features content in winter in period peace
In winter, the optimum temperature regime for the crop is +12 ° C, which guarantees the formation of a large number of fruits in the future. Watering is done twice every seven days, fertilizers are not required. Since winter days are short, you should not forget about additional lighting. Humidify more often or use humidifiers.
When and as blooms orange
It has bisexual flowers, rather large, the size is up to 50 mm. The flower consists of five petals of white colors, but it happens with a reddish tint.
Kinds and forms of flowers
Flowers are collected in inflorescences in the form of a brush of several pieces. There are single flowers, but they are rare.
Period flowering
Orange flowers usually appear in the spring. Some homemade varieties bloom year-round.
How look after behind orange in time flowering
In order for the culture to bloom normally, it is necessary to create certain conditions in the room. The buds that form in the spring bloom at a temperature of +17 to +19 ° C degrees.
Blooming orange
Pruning wood: as right to shape at growing in indoors.
Indoor tree can not be trimmed, you just need to remove the extra shoots. They are usually cut off with the onset of spring.
How to propagate orange independently
Propagation of the culture is usually carried out in three ways: vaccinations, cuttings, layering and seeds. At home, the most common method of propagation is the use of cuttings. This method makes it possible to obtain fruiting trees after 5 years.
Rooting cuttings
Cuttings are cut from a healthy tree, they should have several normally developing buds. Cuttings root using containers with soil, but you can do this simply in water. Rooting occurs within a crescent.
Cuttings
Graft
Vaccinations are made in the spring, during a period of intensive growth and sap flow. Used intact disease cuttings. Do not file the vaccination site, but cut it off evenly. Connect the rootstock and the rootstock so that their cambial layers coincide. To do this, the cut diameter must be equal in magnitude. Now press the branches as tightly as possible and wrap the material. The vaccination site must be wrapped with polyethylene to create conditions of high humidity.
Layering
Reproduction is carried out as follows: from a crop that is distinguished by good fruiting, choose the best and healthiest twig, the length of which is up to 0.3 m, the thickness is 60 mm. Having departed from the lower edge of 100 mm, two annular cuts are made, at a distance of 120 mm between them. The incised bark is removed. All foliage that is located 50 mm above and below this place is removed.
A light plastic container is cut in half and suspended from a branch so that the cut falls on the center of the container. Now bind two halves of the container and fill with washed sand or moss, previously treated with steam. Filling should not be dry, so it is watered with warm water. After 2-3 months, you can cut the branch and plant it together with the substrate in a container having a diameter of at least 13 cm. The cut is dusted with charcoal. After planting, the packaging with the layering is placed in a shaded room and constantly sprayed.
Seeds
Planting material is best taken from ripe fruit.
Important! Seeds should not be small.
The selected planting material must be prepared for planting:
- free from residual pulp and rinse with standing water;
- to hold the day in water where fertilizers are divorced.
Bones are planted in a separate container with a capacity of at least 0.1 liters. You can use the jars of yogurt., They need to make holes, to drain excess moisture and provide good drainage. Seeds are planted in depth by at least 10 mm. Soil can be purchased ready-made, or made independently in fractions of 1 to 1 garden soil and peat.
Seed propagation
Transfer in apartment
You need to transplant a young orange every year; one older than 5 years - once every three years; more adult - once every 8 years.
It is better to transplant an orange by handling in a large container. This allows you to protect the roots from damage and not harm the culture itself.
Possible orange breeding problems
With the growth of orange in the room, certain problems may arise:
- The tips dry on the leaves. The reason for this lack of nutrients. Especially Fe, N. The lack of the first element leads to yellowing of the veins, the second to yellowing of the whole sheet. To eliminate the problem, the culture needs to be fed with fertilizers containing iron. Nitrogen fertilizers should feed the crop in the spring.
- Pests. Orange is susceptible to harmful insects that cause leaf damage, usually worms and spider mites. You can fight them constantly washing the culture with water, as well as using insecticides.
Adult tree with fruits
- Diseases Spotted chlorosis is most often found among them; it is spread by insects and causes yellowness of leaf sections between the veins. To combat this ailment, you just need to destroy the damaged areas.
- Exposure to low temperatures. The lowest temperature that an orange can withstand is +2 degrees, so you need to protect the culture from exposure to freezing temperatures.
- The culture drops buds, it can be due to too high temperature, insufficient watering, and excessive fertilizer application. To resolve the problem, you must create the appropriate conditions.
- Leaves turn pale and fall. The problem may be related to rotting of the roots. It is necessary to check the root system and repair damaged roots.
Thus, cultivating oranges is not at all difficult, you just need to create the necessary conditions for the culture.
