Cissus - home care, photo species

Cissus is rhomboid. A photo

Cissus (lat. Cissus) - a genus of perennial plants of the family Grape (Vitaceae). The tropics are considered his homeland.

Cissus got its name from the Greek word "kissos", which means "ivy". Most species are creepers. This means they are characterized by rapid growth: 60-100 cm per year. Used for vertical gardening, as an adult plant reaches a length of 3 m or more.

Representatives of the genus differ in appearance and growing conditions. However, those that are used as a room culture are unpretentious. The flowers at cissus are small, collected in inflorescences at the base of the leaves. There are yellow or green color. Indoor plant rarely blooms.

	High growth rate, 60-100 cm per year.
	Indoor plant rarely blooms.
	Easy to grow plant
	Perennial.

Useful properties, signs

Cissus is multi-colored. A photo

Cissus moisturizes the air in the apartment, saturates it with useful volatile. A person breathing such air works better and gets less tired. Phytoncides fight allergies. In addition, the leaves of the plant absorb formaldehydes.

Interesting! Some gardeners believe that cissus is a “husband”, contributes to male adultery.

Cissus: home care. Briefly

Consider briefly the basic requirements for the content of cissus at home:

Temperature mode	Moderate or slightly lower. In summer, no higher than + 21-25aboutC, in winter - not lower than +10aboutFROM.
Air humidity	Does not tolerate dry air. Requires weekly spraying. It responds well to a warm shower or bath. The increased requirements for humidity at c. varicoloured (discolor): it should be sprayed daily.
Lighting	Withstands both partial shade and stray light without direct sunlight.
Watering	Moderate: in the summer 2-3 times a week as the topsoil dries up. In winter, watering is reduced to 2 times a month.
Priming	There are no special requirements. Suitable universal soil from the store. It is important that the soil passes water and air well. There must be drainage in the pot.
Fertilizing and fertilizers	Regular top dressing with watering every 14-20 days. In winter, the plant does not fertilize.
Cissus transplant	A young plant is transplanted every six months. An adult over 3 years old can grow in one pot for 3-4 years. In this case, the topsoil is simply renewed annually.
Breeding	At home, propagate by cuttings 5-10 cm long, which are well rooted in water or peat without additional shelter.
Growing Features	It does not require special growing conditions. In summer, you can keep on the open balcony or cottage. Keep away from drafts. To form a lush crown, pinch the shoots. This stimulates branching.

Care for cissus at home. In detail

Despite the fact that the plant is considered unpretentious, for the successful care of cissus at home, you need to follow some requirements.

Bloom

The flower cissus at home practically does not release. The plant is valued for its rapid growth, beautiful color and rich foliage.

Grown as decorative foliage.

Temperature mode

Different types and varieties of cissus differ in their requirements for optimal temperature. However, the general conditions correspond to the room contents.

Keeping in mind the tropical origin of the plant, for most varieties in summer you need to maintain a temperature of 21-25 ^aboutC. Excessive heat should not be allowed.

In winter, home cissus is kept at a temperature not lower than + 8-12 ^aboutC. The main enemies of the plant during this period are dry air, overflows and drafts.

Important! For thermophilic cissus multicolored, the temperature in winter should not fall below +16^aboutFROM.

Spraying

Since cissus is a tropical plant, it needs to create high humidity. It is achieved by regular spraying over the entire area of ​​the leaves and around the plant. Spraying is usually carried out every week, in the summer heat more often.

Oriented by the weather and condition of the plant. The colorful look of cissus needs daily spraying to maintain a constantly moist atmosphere around the leaves.

Advice! Cissus loves a warm shower. Bathing can be carried out both in winter and in summer. During the procedure, you need to make sure that the soil is not waterlogged (close the pot with polyethylene).

Lighting

The choice of place in the apartment depends on the variety and type of plant. So, rhomboid cissus (c. Rhombfolia) is extremely unpretentious and grows both in the sun and in partial shade. Withstands even the worst lighting conditions. Antarctic cissus (c. Antarcrica) is more demanding and needs diffused light, but also feels comfortable in partial shade. Bright diffused light is obtained if you move the pot with the plant 1.5 m from the solar window.

The most delicate and sensitive to lighting - a multi-colored look. It must be placed strictly in partial shade, protecting from direct sunlight. Ideal placement - western and eastern windows or 1.5-2 m from the sunny southern window.

Watering

All varieties and species have many leaves that continuously evaporate moisture. So, at home, cissus needs constant watering. Not only in summer, but also in winter, when the plant suffers from dried out room air.

In spring and summer, during a period of rapid growth, they are often watered as the soil dries. In hot weather, watering can be daily. In winter, they are guided by the state of the soil. During this period, watering is reduced to 1 time in 2-3 weeks.

In winter, you need to especially carefully monitor the quality of irrigation. In cold weather, the soil dries out more slowly, and overflowing can cause severe decay of the roots until the death of the plant. In this case, you can save the seedling only by transplanting into a new dry soil with the addition of fungicides.

Cissus pot

As with other indoor plants, the pot is selected for the volume of the root system. The walls of the pot should be 1.5-2 cm away from the earthen coma. For young seedlings, a container with a diameter of 9 cm is sufficient. For each transplant, take a larger pot. An adult plant is grown in containers with a diameter of about 30 cm.

Advice! In the pot, it is necessary to provide a drainage hole for the release of excess moisture.

Since cissuses are curly vines, you need to think in advance how they will be grown. For ampel forms, choose pots on high pedestals or in hanging pots. For vertical gardening, a system of additional supports, grille screens will be required.

Primer for cissus

For successful cultivation does not need special soil. Suitable universal from the store. Also, the soil can be prepared independently. To do this, you need to take sheet and turf soil, sand, peat and garden soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 0.5: 1: 1. The main condition is that the resulting substrate must be air and water permeable. To increase these qualities, vermiculite or perlite is added to the earth.

Fertilizer and fertilizer

Due to active growth and large leaf mass, cissus needs regular top dressing. Universal liquid fertilizer for decorative and deciduous plants is applied along with watering. Dosage and frequency depends on the recommendations of the fertilizer manufacturer.

Standard advice - 1 top dressing every 2-3 weeks. In winter, fertilizers are not applied.

The plant does not need fertilizers in the first months after transplanting to a new land. He has enough nutrients available in the soil.

Cissus transplant

All necessary transplants are carried out by the method of transshipment: from the old pot, the plant is carefully removed with an earthen lump and, without shaking, placed in a new container. The voids formed at the walls are filled with soil.

The frequency of transplants depends on the age and growth rate of cissus. A young sapling needs a new pot of larger diameter every six months. At the age of 3 years and older, cissus is grown in one pot for 3-4 years or more. With regular top dressing in this case, it is enough to replace the topsoil annually.

Pruning

Spring pruning and pinching of the shoots causes their additional branching. This operation is carried out to form a beautiful thick crown. In addition to decorative pruning, it also has a sanitary function: all wilted, diseased or pest-affected shoots are immediately removed.

Rest period

In the greenhouse the plant is not deciduous and does not have a pronounced dormant period. With room content, multi-colored cissus can drop leaves for the winter and grow new ones in the spring. When keeping, it is necessary to observe the temperature regime recommended for each season.

Growing cissus from seeds

In this way, cissus is grown Antarctic and quadrangular (c. Quadrangularis).

• Seeds are sown in the spring in a loose substrate (peat, sand).
• The soil is moistened.
• Crops are covered with a transparent lid or glass and left in a warm room at a temperature of + 21-25 ^aboutFROM.
• The tank is periodically ventilated, the soil is kept moist.
• Shoots appear unevenly for 1-4 weeks.
• At the stage of 2 real leaves, they are dived in separate pots with a diameter of 5-7 cm.

Cissus breeding

Cissus is successfully propagated not only by seeds, but also vegetatively: by dividing the bush or by cuttings.

Propagation of cissus by cuttings

From an adult plant, apical cuttings 5-10 cm long with a bud and 2 leaves are cut.

The shank is placed in warm water or a loose substrate (peat, sand). Roots appear after 1-2 weeks.

If you cover the container with cuttings with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect, the formation of roots can be accelerated.

As soon as the roots appear, the cuttings are planted in the ground.

Reproduction by dividing the bush

The operation is performed during a transplant. They divide an adult plant at the age of 3-4 years. The earthen lump is divided into 2-3 parts so that each part of the plant has a piece of rhizome and independent shoots.

Diseases and Pests

The main difficulties encountered in the cultivation of cissus, and their possible causes:

• Mold on the leaves - poor drainage. It is necessary to remove all affected leaves, treat the plant with fungicides and transplant into a new pot.
• The ends of the cissus leaves dry - dry air. Need to spray more often.
• Cissus is slowly growing - lack of light and nutrients. It is necessary to fertilize with liquid fertilizer.
• Pale leaves at cissus - "starvation" (the plant needs to be fed) or too much light.
• Cissus leaves fall - low room temperature. If the leaves fade and fall, it can be caused by strong sunlight or lack of moisture.
• Brown "paper" spots on the leaves - dry air. If spots appear on the lower leaves, this indicates a lack of moisture. Also, spots and rot can appear from waterlogging of the soil.
• Cissus leaves curl - a signal that the plant is not enough moisture.
• Leaves bend - the room has dry air; spraying should be increased.
• Discoloration of leaves - lack of nutrients, fertilizers must be applied.
• Shrinkage of lower leaves - insufficient watering.
• Exposure of the lower part of the plant stem may be caused by a deficiency or vice versa an excess of light.

Of the pests, cissuses in room culture are affected by a spider mite, aphids, and scale insects.

Types of cissus home with photos and names

Cissus rhomboid, "birch" (c. Rhombifolia)

Each leaf consists of 3 leaflets. The color of the foliage of the young plant is silver, the adult color is dark green glossy. On the shoots a fluffy brown pile.

Cissus Antarctic, "indoor grapes" (c. Antarctica)

Grassy vine, reaches a length of 2.5 m. The leaves are egg-shaped, green leathery up to 10-12 cm long. The surface of the leaf plate is shiny. On the stem brown pubescence.

Cissus multicolored (c. Discolor)

Oblong leaves with silver and light purple spots up to 15 cm long. The underside is red.

Cyssus rotundifolia (c. Rotundifolia)

The stems of the vines are tough. The leaves are rounded with serrated edges. The color of the leaves is greenish-gray. On the surface of the wax coating.

Ferruginous cissus (c. Adenopoda)

Fast growing liana. Leaves with an olive tint, pubescent. On the reverse side - burgundy. Each leaf consists of 3 leaflets.

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