Apple tree Shtrifel - again on the wave of success

September 1, children and adults associate with the start of training, I have this day associated with the lifelong aroma of two ripe apples lying in my portfolio. My grandmother put them there every day. Named apple tree Shtrifel. My grandfather planted it at the dawn of his youth, he died at 80 and for another 30 years it already bears fruit in my memory, for a total of about 100 years. Shtrifel is an apple tree that has been preferred by gardeners of the world for two centuries.

Description of apple variety Shtrifel

Where the Shtrifel variety comes from is not known for certain, but judging by the "speaking" names (Shtreifling, Lifland, Grafenstein, Amtmann, Streifel), the variety was bred in the Netherlands, Germany or the Netherlands. Over time, European gardeners appreciated the apple tree, then the Baltic, and then the farmers of the republics of the former USSR. In the State Register of Russia, Shtrifel was included in 1947 under the name Autumn Striped, and can be grown in the Northern, Northwest, Central, Central Black Earth, Volga-Vyatka and Middle Volga regions of the country.

Shtrifel apple-tree can be grown in most regions of the European part of Russia

Grade characteristics

The Shtrifel tree is powerful, sprawling, sometimes reaching 7-meter height. The leaves are dark green, oval, with uneven teeth along the edges, a clear relief of veins on the wrinkled surface, folded in half along the center line. Reddish petioles are located at right angles to the shoots, forming dense clusters of leaves at their ends. The bark of branches is smooth, cognac-colored with a faint shine.

Shtrifel blooms in large snow-white flowers. The fruiting type is mixed, the ovaries are formed on the chaffinch (short branches of 3 cm) and fruit twigs (long annual branches of 15 cm or more).

Apple tree tree Shtrifel spreading, high

The fruits of Shtrifel - autumn consumption period, large (up to 300 g), truncated-conical shape with pronounced ribbing at the base. The peel of the apple is thin and smooth, covered with a light waxy coating. Color - yellowish-green with intense red-orange stripes. As it matures, the surface acquires a beautiful carmine color and blurs the entire apple. The taste is sweet and sour, harmonious, with fresh, delicious notes, dessert. The pulp is tender, juicy, slightly friable, towards the end of ripening with pinkish veins inside, with a strong aroma.

Shtrifel is frost-resistant. The winter hardiness of the variety is above average. Withstands low temperatures, is inferior in this indicator to Grushovka Moscow, Anis, but surpasses Antonovka and Pepin saffron, suitable for cultivation in the northern regions in a stlan (creeping) form. The variety has poor drought tolerance. Shtrifel does not tolerate prolonged high temperatures: the leaves fly around, the fruits are affected by scab.

In a particularly dry summer, it needs frequent evening sprinkling (until the morning) and plentiful watering.

Pollinators

Grade Shtrifel is self-infertile, needs pollination. To do this, fit:

• Antonovka;
• Anise;
• Slav;
• White filling;
• Wellsie.

Productivity and fruiting

The variety is prone to cyclical fruiting. The first apples appear only after 7 years, but from year to year the yields increase. Adult plants bear fruit well. In favorable years, up to 400 kg is removed from the tree. The older the apple tree, the greater the need for renewal. Young Shtrifel bears fruit annually, adult (after 15 years) - periodically. The fruits of Shtrifel ripen by the beginning of September. Apples are stored in the refrigerator until the beginning of December.

Table: Vitamin C content dynamics in Shtrifel apples

Early harvesting will help to better preserve the fruits; if apples ripen on a branch, then they lie less. The fruits have a presentable appearance and are well transported.

Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The positive aspects of the variety, noted by gardeners:

• high winter hardiness;
• resistance to scab;
• good yield;
• eye-catching appearance;
• excellent taste;
• good portability of transportation;
• the possibility of 3-month storage of fruits.

The negative sides of the variety summer residents include:

• the tendency of mature trees to bear fruit;
• overgrown apple trees;
• low drought tolerance.

Apple tree planting

The distance between the trees should be no less than 6x6 m. This is important for the future provision of the tree with the necessary nutritional area and sunlight.

Choosing the right place

We approach the choice of a seedling planting site in accordance with the conditions:

• We plant an apple tree of Shtrifel cultivar in sunny, windproof places.
• The soil is suitable for any (not very acidified), but it is desirable that it be fertile, light and neutral (pH 5.5-6). On heavy loams, drainage is necessary, and acidic soil should be neutralized with dolomite flour.

Shtrifel apple tree needs a lot of space and sunlight

Landing time

Landing can be carried out in spring and autumn. In the first case, you need to plant immediately, as the soil thaws (the sooner the better), but before the buds swell. In central Russia, this is the beginning of April. In autumn, it is necessary that the Shtrifel seedlings have time to ripen the wood, and that at least 30-40 days remain before the soil freezes. This is the period from late September to early October.

Selection of planting material

For planting, a 1-2-year-old seedling is acquired and leaves are removed from it. When buying, carefully inspect the root part. The roots should be healthy, well branched, not overdried, 30-35 cm long. Pay attention to whether the aerial part is sufficiently developed. Then inspect the vaccination site:

• whether it is completely covered by bark;
• how low is the root neck (at least 10 cm from the ground).

Based on bitter personal experience, I advise you not to purchase seedlings from cars, you will surely be deceived. Do not be fooled by the cheapness of the goods, these seedlings can not cost quite cheaply. Buy the variety only at nurseries or from gardeners that you trust.

Root neck definition

Do not confuse the place of vaccination with the root neck - the place where the root goes into the trunk. Before boarding, wipe the shaft with a damp cloth and you will easily find it. The neck cannot be deepened. As soon as the trunk is in the ground, it begins to damp. The tree gradually rots, becomes sluggish, lowers the leaves. You think that he needs watering, and render the tree a "bear service". Later, all metabolic processes are disrupted, the bark dies and the apple tree dies.

Root neck - the place where the root passes into the trunk

Seedling storage

It happens that in the fall you get a weak seedling and fear that it will not withstand the coming winter; perhaps they have not decided on the place of his landing or have not prepared a landing pit. In these cases, it is best to dig a sapling for the winter, and plant it in a permanent place in the spring:

1. Place the seedlings in the grooves for the winter prikop whole, you can leave the small ends of the branches outside.
2. Cover the roots with a layer of earth 60-70 cm thick, and the trunk and branches - 40 cm.
3. Tie the branches in a bundle.

Place prikop choose dry, unsinkable, better on the southern slope. The earth must be loose. You can not drip the shtapel seedlings in compost or manure that produce heat. The roots will begin to swell, mold and die.

So that the rodent does not damage the sapling, you can cover the apple tree with fir spruce branches.

Until spring, you can save the seedling by digging it in the garden

Before planting, if Shtrifel was stored in such a trick, carefully release it and lower the root into a liquid clay mash:

1. Put clay in a bucket of water, mix thoroughly and immerse your hand in it. The amount of clay should be such that a thin clay layer remains on the hand pulled out of the bucket.
2. Add a bag of Kornevin or another root growth stimulator (follow the instructions), as well as 1 kg of well-rotted manure.
3. Dip the roots in the clay mixture for several minutes, then dry the treated root on the street for 30-40 minutes and start planting.

Clay seedling root in clay mash

Step-by-step instructions for planting a seedling

The algorithm for planting an apple tree:

1. Dig a landing hole (80 cm deep, 70 cm in diameter) and drive a peg to fix the tree.
2. Pour a layer of fertile soil to the bottom (10 kg of compost, humus, pre-mixed with the ground). Add well rotted manure. Make the hill higher, otherwise, when the earth shrinks, the seedling will go deep, which is unacceptable.
3. Inspect the root. Cut all dry, broken, damaged areas to a healthy part.
4. Position the tree so that the root neck is 7 cm above the ground. You can put a shovel handle or a rail across the pit for reference.
   

   When planting a seedling, do not forget to leave the root neck above the ground

5. Pour the roots 15 cm and pour 3 buckets of water into the pit. The soil will turn into slurry and fill all the voids near the root.
6. Fill the hole to the end with soil and do not water anymore. The earth will go down along with the seedling, and the root neck will be where it should be - at the level of the earth's surface (permissible - 3-5 cm above the soil level).
   

   To fill the voids near the root, the seedling is abundantly watered.

7. Tie a sapling to the peg with an eight. Tighten it in a month, when the earth settles completely.
   

   A peg-shaped pedestal will help the tree resist the wind

8. Be sure to mulch the soil around the seedling.

Close young plants with spruce branches so that they do not suffer from frost.

Video: planting apple tree Shtrifel

Many gardeners do not recommend the introduction of mineral fertilizers into the planting pit because of the negative influence of chemicals on the development of young seedlings. There is evidence of this. For example, the author of the newspaper Sayanskie Vedomosti E.I. In 2004, Piskunov advised digging holes so that only the roots entered and in no case add fertilizer there. Otherwise, the tree will hurt and die.

"Private household" reported in 2003 that the entire garden was lost due to the fertilizer introduced into the planting pits at the Novoaleksandrovsky state farm in the Stavropol Territory.

However, numerous textbooks and reference books have been recommending for more than a century a complete set of mineral fertilizers and 2 buckets of humus per landing pit. Choose you. I do not put mineral fertilizers, because I do not know the exact composition of the soil. What you need to do is to mulch the soil with a 15-cm layer. Mulch will nourish the earth, protect it from many diseases and prevent the soil from drying out, which is very important for Shtrifel.

Growing Features

Care for the apple should be systematic and meet the requirements of the variety.

Summer watering

Shtrifel does not belong to drought tolerant varieties and is responsive to watering. In the spring, there is enough moisture in the soil, and the plant does not need irrigation. It is necessary during the ripening of fruits, from June to October. For a 2-year-old seedling, 40 l of water under the root is enough, for an older tree - up to 80 l, Shtrifel after 20 years - up to 120 l of water.

Watered plug:

• during shoot growth and ovary formation;
• 10 days before harvesting apples (do not water before ripening);
• after harvest (especially in hot summers);
• in October (if warm autumn).

A useful procedure for Shtrifel is summer sprinkling. They bathe a tree in the summer heat and warm autumn. Sprinkling begins in the evening, continues all night and ends in the morning. After watering, the trunk circle is mulched with peat, needles, sawdust.

Summer sprinkling of apple trees is especially necessary in hot weather

How to feed

Features of fertilizer application:

1. In the first year, it is not worth feeding seedlings; there is enough fertilizer laid in the planting pit.
2. In the second year, carbamide (urea) is used as top dressing. Sapling is fertilized in mid-May and in June. Apply any type of top dressing: granules (per 1 m² - 20 g of urea) or foliar top dressing (we prepare the solution according to the instructions).
3. In the third year, young apple trees are fertilized: in May - with urea, in June - with nitrophos (for 10 liters of water - 4 tablespoons of the drug), in August - again fed with superphosphate (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) and potassium salt. 3 buckets of solution are poured under the apple tree.
4. In the same period, the use of organics — a solution of mullein or chicken droppings — is effective: 0.5 l of fresh litter infused for 2 weeks is diluted in 10 l of water. 3-4 buckets of top dressing are poured into the near-stem circle, and then the soil is shed with clean water.

Nitrogen supplements are not used in August and the autumn months.

Fertilize the tree according to the instructions. Mineral salts in large quantities are aggressive, do not destroy the soil and trees with them.

We stimulate cropping

The first two years, pruning is carried out in order to form a crown. The central conductor of the Shtrifel seedling is cut 15 cm above the main branches, shortening them by 1/3.

If you are a gardener with no experience, buy a two-year-old. Nurseries sell such specimens with an already formed crown, and you do not have to do the first pruning. Forming pruning begins 2 years after planting a seedling and is carried out annually. Trees form tiers (3-3-2 skeletal branches). The distance between the branches is 20 cm, between the tiers - 60 cm. The height of the stem is 80 cm. The central conductor is cut at a height of 40 cm above the last skeletal branch.

Forming pruning of the apple tree must be carried out annually, monitoring the number of branches

Trimming should be gentle. Branches of a young apple tree more than 50 cm long are shortened by 1/4 to stimulate the formation of shoots. It is important to balance the branches in their development and subordinate the central conductor. All other thickening, located at an acute angle to the trunk, dry or growing inside the crown branches are removed.

Trimming adult Shtrifel is aimed at supporting further growth and reduction of excess fruiting branches (if necessary).

How to deal with diseases and pests

In early March, as soon as the sap flow begins, proceed to the processing of Shtrifel in order to prevent and control pests. We divide it into 3 stages:

1. In mid-March and early April, we use Bordeaux liquid, solutions of copper and iron sulfate (5%) or any broad-based fungicides.
2. The second time we spray the apple tree at the time of kidney swelling. Insects by this time are already fully armed, we meet them with insecticides:
   • Binon
   • Actocide
   • Ditox.
3. The third time spraying is done after flowering. Dangerous at this time are wood pests: scale insects, bark beetles, ticks. Caterpillars and beetles, aphids and moths adore green foliage and apples. Apply Zolon, Pyrimix. In the fight against ticks, we use:
   • Iskra-M,
   • Nitrafen
   • solutions of colloidal sulfur.

The apple variety Shtrifel is resistant to a disease such as scab, but not 100%. He also suffers from parasitic types of diseases, is greatly affected by fruit rot and powdery mildew. In relation to bacterial cancer, Shtrifel is poorly susceptible. Damage to them is from 35 to 50%, develops in 20% of apple trees.

In the package of measures for the prevention of diseases, in addition to treatment with copper-containing and biological products, it is necessary to include:

• removal from a tree and destruction of rotten fruits;
• protecting apples from damage during harvesting;
• Autumn digging of tree-trunk circles.

A good technique that protects Shtrifel from frost, sunburn, and increases resistance to disease is whitewashing trunks and twigs. Do it in the fall (from October to November). It is bleached with chalk (2 kg per 10 l of water) with the addition of copper sulfate (100 g per 10 l of water), wood glue (20 g per 10 l) or clay (2 kg per 10 l).

Drying of the tops and individual branches of the apple tree is called dryness. Shtrifel sometimes suffers from this disease.There is a proven recipe that says how you can "revive" a tree with a salt solution. It was popular at the beginning of the 20th century and was published by the Moscow publishing house Terra in 1996 in The Household Gardener Recipe edited by P. Steinberg. There he is:

Drill a hole along the radius of the tree trunk to the core. A tube is inserted into the resulting hole, connected to the rubber tube of an Esmarch mug filled with 1.5 L of saline solution (1: 1). The mug is suspended at a height of one and a half meters. Gradually, the tree absorbs liquid. After some time, the apple tree begins to be covered with fresh foliage. So not one apple tree was saved.

Grade Reviews

Streifling lives and bears fruit in my yard. He is many years old - the garden was planted by the state farm in the 60s of the last century. Apples are always large, tasty. The appearance of the fruit, like that of other varieties, varies from year to year, probably depending on the weather of the season, but fully corresponds to the pictures and photos in the descriptions. The taste of apples is a classic shtrifelny that can not be confused with another (like Antonovka). It probably depends on CAT, since in hot seasons it is unusually sweet. He is also sweet this season, but after ripening. In the cool seasons, sweet and sour apples are used reluctantly.

Anatoly Ts., Bryansk

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I grew up on these apples - in Russia, in the Tver Region (250 km north of Moscow), where frosts were in winter at -40 and winter was from early November to March. The apples were big, they never hurt anything, the apples were exceptionally tasty and large. Unforgettable taste of childhood ...

Olga Evgenievna, Kiev region

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The apple tree Shtrifel gives high yields, the fruits delight with excellent taste, good winter hardiness, immunity to major diseases, and the simplicity of agricultural technology. This is a beautiful and grateful tree. It is responsive to care and care about it will repay you handsomely - with generous harvests of fragrant fresh apples.