Artificial ponds on the plot can perform not only a decorative function, being an effective part of the design, but also bring good benefits. Breeding fish in artificial reservoirs is a fascinating activity that allows you to diversify leisure and grow environmentally friendly fish. When deciding to create a reservoir for fish farming in order to fulfill the dream of fishing in your own country, you need to correctly organize everything. We will talk about this today.
What should be the optimal size of the reservoir?
The ideal option for a good rest and favorite fishing activity is the location of the site near an existing reservoir. In the absence of the opportunity to enjoy the benefits of nature, the owners of personal plots can always create a pond for breeding fish with their own hands.
Among the most picky fish in the care can safely be attributed to crucian carp and carp. These unpretentious species perfectly adapt to life even in slow and fairly shallow reservoirs
Carp is a fish that gets along well in fairly small areas. As practice shows, carp in small reservoirs builds up mass faster than in large ponds. This is due to the fact that in a small area the fish spends less energy searching for food. A small pond is also convenient for the owner, since it is easier to care for a small pond.
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The dimensions of the pit may vary depending on the preferences and capabilities of the owner of the site
A small pond can accommodate up to two dozen crucians and several medium-sized carps. On average, 10 to 20 fish are taken per 1 cubic meter of water.
For breeding carps and crucian carp, a home pond, measuring 4x6 meters, with a reservoir depth of 0.8 to 1.5 meters, is optimal. The main advantage of such a pond size is a fairly quick heating of water in the summer to a temperature of 24-26 degrees, which is most favorable for the vital activity of these species. Lowering the temperature in the pond to 12 degrees can lead to a decrease in the intensity of nutrition and growth activity in fish. An increase in temperature above 30 degrees also leads to a decrease in the activity of the vital processes of carps and crucians.
Preparing a fish pond
The maintenance and breeding of fish in artificial reservoirs begins with the preparation of the pit for the reservoir. Having determined the size of the future pond and dug a pit, you should level and tamp the surface of the soil. The bottom of the future reservoir is desirable to cement.
An alternative budget option is to use a dense polyethylene film for laying the bottom
With careful use of the film, a sufficiently strong base can last more than one season. Laying on the bottom of the pit of pre-glued car chambers from trucks is also a fairly common option, which does not require large financial costs.
If you want to breed crayfish in addition to fish in the pond, beaten pots, tubes and stones of various sizes can be laid on the bottom of the pond. Such "hiding places" will allow the crayfish to hide from fish during molting.
The waterfront can be planted with hygrophilous plants such as reeds and willows.
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You can fill the pond with well, spring or artesian, as well as ordinary tap water. Regardless of what kind of water the pond is filled with, it is not worth rushing to launch fish in the first days into practically "sterile" water. Water should be warmed up well in the sun, settled down and acquire microorganisms. In other words, water should become "alive." A couple of buckets of “living” water transferred from an inhabited pond, as well as a bunch of wilted grass lowered to the bottom of a new reservoir will help speed up the process of enriching water with microflora.
Creating the right microclimate
The acidity in the pond should vary in the range of 7-8 pH. Optimal for fish farming is considered a neutral environment. A decrease in acidity to 5 ph is unfavorable for the life of carps and crucians. You can increase the acidity in a pond by adding a portion of limestone or a solution of soda. To determine the average acidity level of water, measurements should be made in several places along the perimeter of the reservoir. It should be borne in mind that the rate of a chemical reaction of the interaction of substances directly depends on such a factor as the intensity of sunlight. Direct sunlight significantly speeds up the process.
It also happens that even the use of additives can give only a short effect.
If acidity even decreases with the action of substances, then one should look for the reason that causes the development of such an environment
An equally important condition for launching fish into a reservoir is the optimal temperature regime. It is very important that the temperature of the tank with fish and the pond be exactly the same.
The process of equalizing the water temperature of the tank with the fish with the temperature inside the reservoir will reduce the risk of temperature shock in the fish, which can lead to the death of even adults in the first day.
After the preparatory work, you can release fish.
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How to feed our fish?
Breeding fish in artificial ponds provides for artificial feeding, which can significantly increase weight gain. Since carps are omnivorous, it is quite possible to use compound feeds intended for poultry and pigs for feeding fish.
Fish gladly absorbs the natural resources of the reservoir: earthworms, insects
Loose loose food should be made in the form of porridge or thick dough, which is formed by mixing the food with water in a bucket. Bean and cereal grains, which are given in a steamed swollen form, can serve as a substitute for compound feed.
Video example of the construction of a koi carp pond
The ratio of grain feed to fish mass should not exceed 3-5%. When organizing the feeding of fish, it is advisable to adhere to a certain schedule. Feed the fish at the same time 1-2 times a day in a designated place. Equipping a feeding place, you can prepare a table-pallet, which is easily lowered and gets out of the water. The use of a "feeder" will allow you to control the presence of residues of uneaten feed, acidification of which can spoil the water. To develop a conditioned reflex in individuals, urging the fish to feed, you can use the bell.
